Anti- ballistic missile - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. An anti- ballistic missile (ABM) is a surface- to- air missile designed to counter ballistic missiles (see missile defense). Ballistic missiles are used to deliver nuclear, chemical, biological or conventional warheads in a ballistic flight trajectory. Besides them, many smaller systems exist (tactical ABMs), that generally cannot intercept intercontinental strategic missiles, even if within range. The currently active system is called A- 1. The system uses Gorgon and Gazelle missiles with nuclear warheads to intercept incoming ICBMs. The U. S. Ground- Based Midcourse Defense (GMD; previously known as National Missile Defense . Instead of using an explosive charge, it launches a kinetic projectile. Bush administration accelerated development and deployment of a system proposed in 1. Clinton administration. The system is a dual purpose test and interception facility in Alaska, and in 2. The Alaska site provides more protection against the Nuclear threat from North Korean missiles or launches from Russia or China, but is likely less effective against missiles launched from the Middle East. President Bush referenced the September 1. The current GMD system has the more limited goal of shielding against a limited attack by a rogue state such as North Korea. American plans for Central European site. In the end, the council recommended deployment of early warning and surveillance systems as well as regionally controlled defence systems. Het ABM-verdrag (waarbij ABM staat voor Anti-Ballistic Missile). The 1972 Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty: A Need for Change. Corporate Author : NATIONAL WAR COLL WASHINGTON DC. Personal Author(s) : Dillman, Robert D. Full Text : http:// Report. The plans propose the installation of a latest generation ABM system with a radar site in the Czech Republic and the launch site in Poland. The system was announced to be aimed against ICBMs from Iran and North Korea. This caused harsh comments by Russia's then- President. Vladimir Putin at the Organization for Security and Co- operation in Europe (OSCE) security conference during spring 2. Munich. Other European ministers commented that any change of strategic weapons should be negotiated on NATO level and not 'unilaterally' between the U. S. German foreign minister Frank- Walter Steinmeier expressed severe concerns about the way in which the U. S. Combat effectiveness of newer systems against 1. MIM- 1. 04 Patriot (PAC- 1 and PAC- 2) had a 1. Operation Iraqi Freedom. Navy Aegis combat system uses RIM- 1. Standard Missile 3, which hit a target going faster than ICBM warheads. GMD system, are not capable of a mid- course intercept of an ICBM. A new system, scheduled for deployment during 2. U. S. Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) system. It has a longer range, but it is not known if it will be able to intercept ICBMs. Russian Federation. From left to right: 6. Russia Willing to Compromise On Anti-Ballistic. Russia signaled again Wednesday that it was willing to make “certain amendments” to the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty to accommodate President Bush’s. Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty. Proceeding from the premise that the limitation of anti-ballistic missile systems. Download as PDF; Printable version; In other languages. Treaty on the limitation of anti-ballistic missile systems. Signed at Moscow on Authentic texts: English and Russian. Each Party undertakes to limit anti-ballistic missile (ABM) systems. The Secret History of The ABM Treaty. Ballistic Missile Defense and New START Treaty Bureau of. TREATY BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND THE RUSSIAN. N6. E2 detection radar, 5. K6. E2 command post and 5. P8. 5 TEL. The Moscow ABM defense system was designed with the aim of being able to intercept the ICBM warheads, and is based on: Apart from the main Moscow deployment, Russia has striven actively for intrinsic ABM capabilities of its SAM systems. India has an active ABM development effort using indigenously developed and integrated radars, and indigenous missiles. The PAD missile has the secondary stage of the Prithvi missile and can reach altitude of 8. During the test, the target missile was intercepted at a 5. In 2. 00. 9, reports emerged of a new missile named the PDV. The DRDO is developing a new Prithvi interceptor missile codenamed PDV. The PDV is designed to take out the target missile at altitudes above 1. Despite the development of missiles, the programme was slowed down due to financial and political reasons. It was finally closed down during 1. Deng Xiaoping as it was seemingly deemed unnecessary after the 1. Anti- Ballistic Missile Treaty between the Soviet Union and the United States and the closure of the US Safeguard ABM system. China- produced HQ- 9 SAM system. PRC Navy's operating modern air- defense destroyers known as the Type 0. C Destroyer and Type 0. C Destroyer are armed with naval HHQ- 9 missiles. The HQ- 1. 9, similar to the THAAD, was first tested in 2. November 2. 01. 5. The test was exoatmospheric and done in midcourse. China is the second country after US that demonstrated intercepting ballistic missile with a kinetic kill vehicle, the interceptor missile was a SC- 1. According to the Chinese Defence Ministry, the missile launch is defensive in character and is not aimed against any countries. Experts hailed China's technological breakthrough because it is difficult to intercept ballistic missiles that have reached the highest point and speed in the middle of their course. Only 2 countries, including the US, have successfully conducted such a test in the past decade. Aster 3. 0 is capable of ballistic missile defense. On 1. 8 October 2. France announced a successful tactical ABM test of the Aster 3. France is developing another version, the Aster 3. II, which can destroy ballistic missiles at a maximum range of 3. It will have a Kill Vehicle warhead. Since 1. 99. 8, when North Korea launched a Taepodong- 1 missile over northern Japan, the Japanese have been jointly developing a new surface- to- air interceptor known as the Patriot Advanced Capability 3 (PAC- 3) with the US. So far tests have been successful, and there are planned 1. PAC- 3 will be installed. Along with the PAC- 3, Japan has installed a US- developed ship- based anti- ballistic missile system, which was tested successfully on 1. December 2. 00. 7. The missile was launched from a Japanese warship, in partnership with the U. S. Missile Defense Agency and destroyed a mock target launched from the coast. Anti- ballistic missile systems. Designed to intercept incoming missiles travelling at up to 2 mile/s (3 km/s), the Arrow is expected to perform much better than the Patriot did in the Gulf War. On 2. 9 July 2. 00. Israel and the United States carried out joint experiment in the USA, in which the Arrow was launched against a real Scud missile. The experiment was a success, as the Arrow destroyed the Scud with a direct hit. During December 2. Shahab- 3 missile. This feat was repeated on 1. February 2. 00. 7. O'Reilly, Director of the US Missile Defense Agency, said: . It is designed with the aim of intercepting the newest generation of tactical ballistic missiles, such as Iskander. History of ABMs. Under the lend- lease program, 2. US 9. 0 mm AA guns with SCR- 5. Western Electric/Bell Labs computers were sent to the UK. These demonstrated a 9. V- 1s that flew into their range. SCR- 5. 84's could be used to plot the trajectories of the missiles and provide some warning, but were more useful in backtracking their ballistic trajectory and determining the rough launch locations. The Allies launched Operation Crossbow to find and destroy V- 2s before launch, but these operations were largely ineffective. In one instance a Spitfire happened upon a V- 2 rising through the trees, and fired on it with no effect. In order to intercept a missile, one needs to be able to steer the attack onto the missile before it hits. At the speeds the V- 2 flew at, this required guns of effectively infinite reaction time, or some sort of weapon with ranges on the order of dozens of miles, neither of which appeared possible. This was, however, just prior to the emergence of high- speed computing systems in the 1. By the mid- 1. 95. ABM systems. The American armed forces began experimenting with anti- missile missiles soon after World War II, as the extent of German research into rocketry became clear. But defences against Soviet long- range bombers took priority until 1. Soviet Union demonstrated its advances in intercontinental ballistic missile technology with the launch of Sputnik, the Earth's first artificial satellite. The US Army accelerated development of their LIM- 4. Nike Zeus system in response. Zeus was subject to criticism throughout its development program, especially from those within the US Air Force and nuclear weapons establishments who suggested it would be much simpler to build more nuclear warheads and guarantee mutually assured destruction. Zeus was eventually cancelled in 1. In 1. 95. 8, a topic of research by the U. S. The devices used were the 1. W2. 5 warhead. These can become trapped in the Earth' magnetic field, creating an artificial radiation belt. It was believed that this might be strong enough to damage warheads travelling through the layer. This proved not to be the case, but Argus returned key data about a related effect, the Nuclear electromagnetic pulse (NEMP). Other countries were also involved in early ABM research. A more advanced project was at CARDE in Canada, which researched the main problems of ABM systems. A key problem with any radar system is that the signal is in the form of a cone, which spreads with distance from the transmitter. For long- distance interceptions like ABM systems, the inherent inaccuracy of the radar makes an interception difficult. CARDE considered using a terminal guidance system to address the accuracy concerns, and developed several advanced infrared detectors for this role. They also studied a number of missile airframe designs, a new and much more powerful solid rocket fuel, and numerous systems for testing it all. After a series of drastic budget reductions during the late 1. One offshoot of the project was Gerald Bull's system for inexpensive high- speed testing, consisting of missile airframes shot from a sabot round, which would later be the basis of Project HARP. Another was the CRV7 and Black Brant rockets, which used the new solid rocket fuel. Soviet Union. Their test system, known simply as System A, was based on the V- 1. US efforts. The first successful test interception was carried out on 2. November 1. 96. 0, and the first with a live warhead on 4 March 1. In this test, a dummy warhead was released by a R- 1. Kapustin Yar. The dummy warhead was destroyed by the impact of 1. A much larger missile, the Fakel 5. V6. 1 (known in the west as Galosh), was developed to carry the larger warhead and carry it much further from the launch site. Further development continued, and the A- 3.
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